The Ben Franklin Half Dollar: A Coin Worth Knowing

The Ben Franklin half dollar stands as a notable piece in American numismatic history. Minted from 1948 until 1963, this coin honored one of the Founding Fathers, Benjamin Franklin. His legacy, well-known for his contributions to science, journalism, diplomacy, and more, found a new embodiment in this piece of currency.

The Design of the Franklin Half Dollar

The coin featured a portrait of Benjamin Franklin on its obverse side. The design was the work of John R. Sinnock, the Chief Engraver of the United States Mint at the time. Above Franklin’s profile is the word ‘LIBERTY’, while the word ‘IN GOD WE TRUST’ appears below along with the year of minting.

The reverse side displayed the Liberty Bell, an iconic symbol closely associated with Franklin. Next to it stands a small eagle. The inclusion of the eagle was required by law, as all U.S. half dollars need to show this symbol. The inscriptions on the reverse include ‘UNITED STATES OF AMERICA’ and ‘HALF DOLLAR’. The crack shown on the Liberty Bell design reflects authenticity, true to the original bell on display in Philadelphia.

Historical Context of the Coin’s Release

The Franklin half dollar emerged post-World War II at a time of renewed national pride. It replaced the Walking Liberty half dollar, which had circulated from 1916 to 1947. U.S. Mint Director Nellie Tayloe Ross sought to honor Franklin, a figure she deeply admired. Despite some resistance due to Franklin’s lack of direct governmental role, the design eventually gained approval.

By 1947, the Treasury Department authorized the coin series, and the U.S. Mint began producing it the following year. It marked the first time in over 100 years a non-president graced regular-issue U.S. currency. This was a departure from the tradition of featuring political leaders on currency.

Attributes and Specifications

The Franklin half dollar is composed of 90% silver and 10% copper, weighing a total of 12.5 grams. This composition was standard for American silver coins at the time. It had a diameter of 30.6 millimeters and a reeded edge. These specifications made it easy to recognize and use in everyday transactions.

The coin’s silver content makes it valuable not only to numismatists but also to investors in precious metals. Its intrinsic value links directly to the market value of silver, which can be an attractive feature for collectors and investors alike.

Production Years and Mintages

The life of the Franklin half dollar was rather brief by numismatic standards, ending in 1963. This premature cessation arose from the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. The nation sought a way to commemorate him, leading to the issuance of the Kennedy half dollar starting in 1964.

During its 16 years in circulation, the Franklin half dollar was struck at three U.S. Mint facilities: Philadelphia, Denver, and San Francisco. While most years saw healthy production numbers, some years and mint marks are rarer and more sought after among collectors.

Coins from certain years like 1949 and 1955 have lower mintages, making them more coveted. Additionally, the 1955 ‘Bugs Bunny’ anomaly, caused by a die clash creating peculiar facial features on Franklin, presents a fascinating focus for collectors.

Collecting the Franklin Half Dollar

Collectors appreciate the Franklin half dollar for its design, historical context, and silver content. Many also seek complete sets, which include examples from each year and mint facility it was produced. The short span of production means it’s relatively attainable compared to other series.

• Key Date Coins: These include the lower mintage years or those in exceptional condition.
• Proof Versions: Produced between 1950 and 1963, proof versions have highly polished finishes, offering a different appeal.
• Varieties: Variants like the 1955 ‘Bugs Bunny’ add an element of intrigue to a collection.

Prices range widely based on factors like condition, rarity, and demand. High-grade examples with original luster or those certified by grading services hold greater market value. Keeping these coins well-preserved in protective holders can also be crucial in maintaining their condition over the years.

The Franklin Half Dollar’s Legacy

Though its production ended in the early 1960s, the Franklin half dollar remains a beloved piece among coin enthusiasts. It represents a melding of historical significance and artistic achievement, capturing a moment in time when currency served as a means to celebrate national figures beyond political leaders.

Its role as a bridge between the classic designs of earlier silver coins and the more modern iterations reflected societal shifts and Americans’ evolving relationship with their history. As both a collectible and a relic of its era, the Franklin half dollar continues to educate, inspire, and captivate those who delve into its story.